Study Guides
Online one-to-one SPM Chemistry, taught by an experienced teacher.
How to Prepare Soluble and Insoluble Salts
A step-by-step SPM guide to preparing salts, how to choose the method from solubility, the excess-solid route for soluble salts and precipitation for insoluble ones.
2026-09-04Study GuidesHow to Read and Use the Electrochemical Series
A clear SPM guide to the electrochemical series, what it lists, how to predict displacement, work out voltaic cell terminals and voltage, and read discharge order.
2026-09-04Study GuidesHow to Read the Reactivity Series
An SPM guide to reading the reactivity series of metals: what the order means, how to predict displacement, and how it decides the way a metal is extracted.
2026-09-04Study GuidesHow to Set Up and Read a pH Scale
Read the 0-14 pH scale, measure pH with universal indicator or a meter, and explain how concentration and acid strength change the reading, for SPM.
2026-09-04Study GuidesHow to Test for Common Gases in the Lab
The confirmatory tests and exact observations for hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, ammonia, chlorine and sulfur dioxide in SPM Chemistry practicals.
2026-09-04Study GuidesHow to Use the Periodic Table in SPM Chemistry
Read groups, periods, proton number and relative atomic mass on the SPM periodic table, and use it to predict electron arrangement, group and reactivity.
2026-09-04Study GuidesHow to Work Out Limiting Reactant Problems
The SPM method for limiting reactant questions: balance the equation, find moles, divide by the coefficients, and use the limiting reactant to find the product.
2026-09-04Study GuidesHow to Work Out Oxidation Numbers
A clear SPM method for assigning oxidation numbers, with the rules in order, worked examples on ions and compounds, and how to spot redox from the changes.
2026-09-04Study GuidesHow to Work Out the Formula of an Ionic Compound
A reliable step-by-step method for writing the formula of any ionic compound in SPM Chemistry, with the criss-cross rule, polyatomic ions and worked examples.
2026-09-04Study GuidesHow to Write Chemical Formulae From Ions
An SPM method for writing the formula of an ionic compound from its ions, using charge balancing and the cross-over trick, with brackets and worked examples.
2026-09-04Study GuidesHow to Write Half-Equations for Electrolysis
A clear method for writing cathode and anode half-equations in SPM Chemistry electrolysis, balance the atoms, add the electrons, and check the charges every time.
2026-09-04Study GuidesHow to Write Ionic Equations for SPM
A clear step-by-step method for writing ionic equations in SPM Chemistry: strip out spectator ions, keep state symbols, and check the charge balances every time.
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