Study Guides
Online one-to-one SPM Chemistry, taught by an experienced teacher.
How to Explain the pH Scale and Neutralisation
An SPM guide to the pH scale and neutralisation: what pH measures, reading indicators, the H+ plus OH- reaction, and everyday uses like antacids.
2026-09-04Study GuidesProperties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds
How to explain and compare the melting points, conductivity and solubility of ionic and covalent compounds, and why each property follows from structure.
2026-09-04Study GuidesHow to Explain the Reactivity Series With Examples
Understand the SPM reactivity series of metals: the order, why it works, and worked examples for water, acid, displacement and metal extraction.
2026-09-04Study GuidesThe Uses of Ammonia and Nitric Acid
An SPM guide to the uses of ammonia and nitric acid, the reaction that links them into ammonium nitrate fertiliser, and how to write a tidy uses answer.
2026-09-04Study GuidesFinding the Formula of a Hydrated Salt
How to find the value of x in a hydrated salt formula from heating data, with the SPM method, two worked examples and the practical points examiners reward.
2026-09-04Study GuidesHow to Identify Acids, Bases and Salts
A clear guide to telling acids, bases and salts apart in SPM Chemistry, the definitions, the role of water, indicator colours and the tests that classify each one.
2026-09-04Study GuidesHow to Identify Functional Groups in Organic Chemistry
Spot alkenes, alcohols, carboxylic acids and esters for SPM: recognise the group in a formula, use the chemical tests, and read the clue in the name.
2026-09-04Study GuidesHow to Interpret a Solubility Table
Learn to read the SPM solubility table with confidence, how to look up any salt, spot the exceptions, predict precipitates and write the ionic equation.
2026-09-04Study GuidesHow to Interpret Rate of Reaction Graphs
Read SPM rate graphs with confidence: what the gradient means, why the curve flattens, average versus instantaneous rate, and how to compare two curves.
2026-09-04Study GuidesHow to Name Organic Compounds for SPM
A clear IUPAC naming method for SPM Chemistry: read the stem, suffix and locant, then name alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, carboxylic acids and esters with confidence.
2026-09-04Study GuidesHow to Predict Products of Electrolysis
Use the three SPM discharge factors, electrochemical series, ion concentration and electrode type, to predict what forms at each electrode in electrolysis.
2026-09-04Study GuidesIonic or Covalent? How to Predict
A simple decision method for predicting whether a compound is ionic or covalent in SPM Chemistry, using the Periodic Table and electronegativity.
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